folding

in spectroscopy
synonym: aliasing
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.08248
The appearance of peaks at incorrect frequencies in a mathematically-processed spectrum due to insufficient density of datapoints in the time-domain spectrum or from peaks outside of the sampled frequency range.This process can be simulated by folding a spectrum that shows the correct wavenumbers back onto itself at \(\tilde{\nu}_{\rm{M}}\) and its multiples.
Notes:
  1. Folding is a consequence of undersampling in spectroscopy.
  2. In vibrational spectroscopy, when a spectrum is sampled correctly only up to a wavenumber \(\tilde{\nu}_{\rm{M}}\), radiation of wavenumber \(\tilde{\nu} \gt \tilde{\nu}_{\rm{M}}\) appears to have a wavenumber between 0 and \(\tilde{\nu}_{\rm{M}}\), per the table below:
Range of wavenumber _013501__026251_
[_013335_, 2_013335_]2_013335_ - _013501_
[2_013335_, 3_013335_]_013501_ - 2_013335_
[3_013335_, 4_013335_]4_013335_ - _013501_
[4_013335_, 5_013335_]_013501_ - 4_013335_
Source:
PAC, 2021, 93, 647. (Glossary of methods and terms used in analytical spectroscopy (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)) on page 659 [Terms] [Paper]