09957 IUPAC Gold Book - modulation period 10.1351/goldbook.09957 09957 current synonym: modulation time 1 Duration of a complete cycle of modulation in a system for comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography. Modulation period is the length of a second-dimension chromatogram, i.e. the time between two successive injections into the second column. comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/09953 PAC, 2017, 90, 181. 'Terminology of separation methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2017)' on page 209 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0111) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/09957/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/09957/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/09957/plain Citation: 'modulation period' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.09957 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-06-28T11:25:50+00:00