13632 IUPAC Gold Book - Raynaud phenomenon 10.1351/goldbook.13632 13632 current 1 Intermittent bilateral attacks of vasospasm and ischemia of the fingers or toes and sometimes of the ears and nose, marked by a severe pallor and often accompanied by paresthesia and pain. It is brought on characteristically by cold or emotional stimuli and relieved by heat, and may be due to an underlying disease or anatomic abnormality. The phenomenon is more common in women than men and occurs in most patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), and polymyositis/scleroderma overlap syndrome. When the condition is idiopathic or primary, it is termed Raynaud disease. idiopathic https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13249 mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13465 progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13609 PAC, 2012, 84, 1113. 'IUPAC glossary of terms used in immunotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)' on page 1238 (https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-11-06-03) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13632/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13632/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/13632/plain Citation: 'Raynaud phenomenon' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.13632 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-05-10T04:54:54+00:00