β-amyloid

synonym: amyloid
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.11581
Extracellular aggregate of misfolded fibrous proteins, typically with cross-linked $\ce{\upbeta\!\mbox{-}sheet}$ structure.
Note: Amyloid occurs naturally with aging, but it is found in increased amounts in a number of tissue pathologies including Alzheimer disease.
See also: amyloid plaque
Source:
PAC, 2015, 87, 841. (IUPAC Glossary of terms used in neurotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2015)) on page 846 [Terms] [Paper]