https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.N04238
A parameter which describes the effective shape of the equivalent ellipsoid of the nuclear charge distribution, \(Q>0\) for prolate (e.g. $\ce{^{57}Fe}$, $\ce{^{19}7Au}$); \(Q<0\) for oblate (e.g. $\ce{^{119}Sn}$, $\ce{^{129}I}$) nuclei.